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Biology

Biological molecules

Monomers and polymers

Condensation and hyrdolysis reactions

1,888

•

25 Jun 2023

•

6 pages

Learn About Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats, and Triglycerides for Kids!

user profile picture

Husseina

@husseinakhomusi

Hey kids! Explore how big molecules like carbohydrates, proteins, and fats work in our bodies. Find out why sugars are important, what happens when we eat, and see cool diagrams showing how tiny pieces called monomers and polymers fit together. Discover why triglycerides are special in living things and why they don’t mix with water. This guide makes learning about macronutrients and biochemistry fun and easy!

Biological Molecules Introduction All living things have a similar biochemical basis. Carbohydrates: commonly used by cells as respiratory s

Proteins and Biochemical Tests

This page focuses on the structure and formation of proteins, as well as biochemical tests for various macronutrients.

Proteins are explored in detail, including:

  • The structure of amino acids
  • Formation of peptide bonds
  • Levels of protein structure primary,secondary,tertiary,quaternaryprimary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary

The page also provides a comprehensive chart for biochemical tests to identify carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals.

Definition: Amino acids are the monomers from which proteins are made, with 20 naturally occurring varieties.

Highlight: The process of monomers and polymers formation diagram is particularly useful for understanding protein structure.

Example: The Biuret test, which turns from blue to purple in the presence of proteins, is an important biochemical test.

Vocabulary: Polypeptide - a polymer made up of many amino acids, forming the basis of proteins.

Biological Molecules Introduction All living things have a similar biochemical basis. Carbohydrates: commonly used by cells as respiratory s

Enzymes and Their Properties

This page introduces enzymes as biological catalysts and explores their properties and functions.

Key points covered include:

  • Enzymes as catalysts that speed up reaction rates and lower activation energy
  • The importance of the enzyme's tertiary structure and active site
  • Enzyme-substrate complex formation
  • Enzyme specificity

Definition: Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up the rate of reaction and lower the activation energy.

Highlight: The specificity of enzymes is crucial for understanding their role in biological processes.

Vocabulary: Active site - the region of an enzyme where substrates bind and undergo catalysis.

Biological Molecules Introduction All living things have a similar biochemical basis. Carbohydrates: commonly used by cells as respiratory s

Carbohydrates: Structure and Function

This page provides an in-depth look at carbohydrates, their structure, and their functions in living organisms.

Topics covered include:

  • Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides
  • The structure of glucose and its isomers
  • Formation of glycosidic bonds
  • Examples of important polysaccharides like starch, glycogen, and cellulose

Definition: Carbohydrates are organic molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, typically with a 2:1 ratio of hydrogen to oxygen.

Example: Starch, made of amylose and amylopectin, is the main polysaccharide energy stored in plants and is composed of alpha glucose.

Highlight: Understanding how to describe the structure of carbohydrates is essential for grasping their biological roles.

Vocabulary: Glycosidic bond - the chemical bond that joins monosaccharides to form larger carbohydrates.

Biological Molecules Introduction All living things have a similar biochemical basis. Carbohydrates: commonly used by cells as respiratory s

Lipids: Triglycerides and Phospholipids

This page focuses on the structure and properties of lipids, particularly triglycerides and phospholipids.

Key topics include:

  • Formation of triglycerides through condensation reactions
  • Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids
  • Structure and properties of phospholipids
  • Roles of lipids in biological systems

Definition: Triglycerides are formed by the condensation of one molecule of glycerol and three fatty acid molecules.

Highlight: Understanding the structure and function of triglycerides is crucial for grasping their role in energy storage and metabolism.

Example: Phospholipids form bilayers in cell membranes due to their hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails.

Vocabulary: Ester bond - the chemical bond formed between a fatty acid and glycerol in triglycerides.

Biological Molecules Introduction All living things have a similar biochemical basis. Carbohydrates: commonly used by cells as respiratory s

Protein Structure and Function

This page delves deeper into protein structure and function, exploring the various levels of protein organization and their importance in biological systems.

Topics covered include:

  • Detailed explanation of primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary protein structures
  • Bonds responsible for maintaining each level of structure
  • The relationship between protein structure and function
  • Importance of proteins in biological processes

Definition: The primary structure of a protein is the sequence of amino acids in its polypeptide chain.

Highlight: Explaining the importance of amino acids in the synthesis and breakdown of proteins is crucial for understanding protein function.

Example: Hemoglobin, with its quaternary structure, is an excellent example of how protein structure relates to function in oxygen transport.

Vocabulary: Disulfide bond - a covalent bond between sulfur atoms that helps stabilize protein structure.

Biological Molecules Introduction All living things have a similar biochemical basis. Carbohydrates: commonly used by cells as respiratory s

Introduction to Biological Molecules

This page introduces the fundamental biochemical components found in all living organisms. It explores the concept of monomers and polymers and their formation through condensation and hydrolysis reactions.

The main biological molecules discussed are:

  • Carbohydrates
  • Lipids
  • Proteins
  • Nucleic acids
  • Water

The page delves into the structure and function of carbohydrates, including monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. It also covers the basics of lipids, focusing on triglycerides and phospholipids.

Definition: Monomers are smaller units from which larger molecules are made, while polymers are many monomers joined together.

Example: Glucose is a monomer that can be joined with other glucose molecules to form the polymer starch.

Highlight: The process of monomers and polymers formation in chemistry is crucial for understanding the structure and function of biological molecules.

Vocabulary: Condensation reaction - when two molecules combine to form a more complex molecule by removing water.



Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Students love us — and so will you.

4.9/5

App Store

4.8/5

Google Play

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user

Subjects

Biology

Biological molecules

Monomers and polymers

Condensation and hyrdolysis reactions

 

Biology

•

1,888

•

25 Jun 2023

•

6 pages

Learn About Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats, and Triglycerides for Kids!

user profile picture

Husseina

@husseinakhomusi

Hey kids! Explore how big molecules like carbohydrates, proteins, and fats work in our bodies. Find out why sugars are important, what happens when we eat, and see cool diagrams showing how tiny pieces called monomers and polymers fit together. Discover why triglycerides are special in living things and why they don’t mix with water. This guide makes learning about macronutrients and biochemistry fun and easy!

Biological Molecules Introduction All living things have a similar biochemical basis. Carbohydrates: commonly used by cells as respiratory s

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Proteins and Biochemical Tests

This page focuses on the structure and formation of proteins, as well as biochemical tests for various macronutrients.

Proteins are explored in detail, including:

  • The structure of amino acids
  • Formation of peptide bonds
  • Levels of protein structure primary,secondary,tertiary,quaternaryprimary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary

The page also provides a comprehensive chart for biochemical tests to identify carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals.

Definition: Amino acids are the monomers from which proteins are made, with 20 naturally occurring varieties.

Highlight: The process of monomers and polymers formation diagram is particularly useful for understanding protein structure.

Example: The Biuret test, which turns from blue to purple in the presence of proteins, is an important biochemical test.

Vocabulary: Polypeptide - a polymer made up of many amino acids, forming the basis of proteins.

Biological Molecules Introduction All living things have a similar biochemical basis. Carbohydrates: commonly used by cells as respiratory s

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Enzymes and Their Properties

This page introduces enzymes as biological catalysts and explores their properties and functions.

Key points covered include:

  • Enzymes as catalysts that speed up reaction rates and lower activation energy
  • The importance of the enzyme's tertiary structure and active site
  • Enzyme-substrate complex formation
  • Enzyme specificity

Definition: Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up the rate of reaction and lower the activation energy.

Highlight: The specificity of enzymes is crucial for understanding their role in biological processes.

Vocabulary: Active site - the region of an enzyme where substrates bind and undergo catalysis.

Biological Molecules Introduction All living things have a similar biochemical basis. Carbohydrates: commonly used by cells as respiratory s

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Carbohydrates: Structure and Function

This page provides an in-depth look at carbohydrates, their structure, and their functions in living organisms.

Topics covered include:

  • Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides
  • The structure of glucose and its isomers
  • Formation of glycosidic bonds
  • Examples of important polysaccharides like starch, glycogen, and cellulose

Definition: Carbohydrates are organic molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, typically with a 2:1 ratio of hydrogen to oxygen.

Example: Starch, made of amylose and amylopectin, is the main polysaccharide energy stored in plants and is composed of alpha glucose.

Highlight: Understanding how to describe the structure of carbohydrates is essential for grasping their biological roles.

Vocabulary: Glycosidic bond - the chemical bond that joins monosaccharides to form larger carbohydrates.

Biological Molecules Introduction All living things have a similar biochemical basis. Carbohydrates: commonly used by cells as respiratory s

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Lipids: Triglycerides and Phospholipids

This page focuses on the structure and properties of lipids, particularly triglycerides and phospholipids.

Key topics include:

  • Formation of triglycerides through condensation reactions
  • Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids
  • Structure and properties of phospholipids
  • Roles of lipids in biological systems

Definition: Triglycerides are formed by the condensation of one molecule of glycerol and three fatty acid molecules.

Highlight: Understanding the structure and function of triglycerides is crucial for grasping their role in energy storage and metabolism.

Example: Phospholipids form bilayers in cell membranes due to their hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails.

Vocabulary: Ester bond - the chemical bond formed between a fatty acid and glycerol in triglycerides.

Biological Molecules Introduction All living things have a similar biochemical basis. Carbohydrates: commonly used by cells as respiratory s

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Protein Structure and Function

This page delves deeper into protein structure and function, exploring the various levels of protein organization and their importance in biological systems.

Topics covered include:

  • Detailed explanation of primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary protein structures
  • Bonds responsible for maintaining each level of structure
  • The relationship between protein structure and function
  • Importance of proteins in biological processes

Definition: The primary structure of a protein is the sequence of amino acids in its polypeptide chain.

Highlight: Explaining the importance of amino acids in the synthesis and breakdown of proteins is crucial for understanding protein function.

Example: Hemoglobin, with its quaternary structure, is an excellent example of how protein structure relates to function in oxygen transport.

Vocabulary: Disulfide bond - a covalent bond between sulfur atoms that helps stabilize protein structure.

Biological Molecules Introduction All living things have a similar biochemical basis. Carbohydrates: commonly used by cells as respiratory s

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Introduction to Biological Molecules

This page introduces the fundamental biochemical components found in all living organisms. It explores the concept of monomers and polymers and their formation through condensation and hydrolysis reactions.

The main biological molecules discussed are:

  • Carbohydrates
  • Lipids
  • Proteins
  • Nucleic acids
  • Water

The page delves into the structure and function of carbohydrates, including monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. It also covers the basics of lipids, focusing on triglycerides and phospholipids.

Definition: Monomers are smaller units from which larger molecules are made, while polymers are many monomers joined together.

Example: Glucose is a monomer that can be joined with other glucose molecules to form the polymer starch.

Highlight: The process of monomers and polymers formation in chemistry is crucial for understanding the structure and function of biological molecules.

Vocabulary: Condensation reaction - when two molecules combine to form a more complex molecule by removing water.

Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Students love us — and so will you.

4.9/5

App Store

4.8/5

Google Play

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user