L'Europe entre restauration et révolution (1814-1848) was a period of significant political and social change across the continent. Following Napoleon's defeat, European powers sought to restore pre-revolutionary order while contending with emerging liberal and nationalist movements. This era saw tensions between conservative monarchies and progressive forces, leading to various revolutions and reforms that shaped modern Europe.

Key points:
• The Congress of Vienna (1814-1815) redrew Europe's map and established a balance of power
• Conservative regimes faced challenges from liberal constitutionalists and nationalists
• Revolutionary waves in 1820, 1830 and 1848 pushed for political reforms and national independence
• Industrial and economic changes fueled social upheaval and the rise of new ideologies
• By 1848, the old order was severely weakened, paving the way for further changes later in the century