Page 1: Fundamental Electrical Laws and Capacitor Charging

This page introduces core electrical concepts and capacitor charging behavior. The content begins with fundamental circuit laws and progresses to capacitor characteristics and charging dynamics.

Definition: A capacitor consists of two conducting plates separated by an insulating material called a dielectric, capable of storing electrical charge.

Vocabulary: Capacitance (C) is measured in Farads (F) and represents a component's ability to store electrical charge.

Example: When voltage is applied across a capacitor, one plate becomes negatively charged while the other becomes positively charged, maintaining electrical neutrality.

Highlight: The charging equation for a capacitor follows the form Uc(t) = E(1-e^(-t/RC)), where E is the applied voltage and RC is the time constant.

Quote: "La capacité est proportionnelle à S et inversement proportionnelle à d" (Capacitance is proportional to area and inversely proportional to distance).