A comprehensive guide to genetic expression and protein synthesis, focusing on the key processes of transcription, translation, and RNA processing. The document details how genetic information flows from DNA to proteins through various cellular mechanisms.
- The process begins with transcription in the nucleus where DNA is used as a template to create RNA
- RNA undergoes épissage (splicing) where introns are removed and exons are retained
- Traduction (translation) occurs in the cytoplasm where arn messager (mRNA) is used to create proteins
- The entire process demonstrates how genotype determines phenotype at molecular, cellular, and macroscopic levels
- Key cellular components involved include RNA polymerase, ribosomes, and various types of RNA